Category: Ostriches

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Universal Ostrich Farms, Part 3: The Bilinski Affidavit, And Immune Biosolutions

Universal Ostrich Farms (UOF), in British Columbia, has been in the alternative media a lot lately. Specifically, the Canada Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) ordered about 400 birds to be killed after some supposedly tested positive for the H5N1 virus.

UOF filed an Application in Federal Court to challenge the order. A second Application was filed challenging the refusal to grant any sort of exemption. To date, both cases have been dismissed. Barring a successful Appeal, the culling is expected to go ahead.

See Parts 1 and 2 in the Universal Ostrich Farms series for more information.

The first two pieces have interestingly caused quite the backlash. The bulk of it is simply reading from various Court documents, including Affidavits. What people don’t seem to grasp is that when someone asks for money, it becomes public interest litigation. The have GiveSendGo and GoFundMe pages up, among other avenues, soliciting donations.

As such, their case is open to scrutiny, or at least it should be.

Now, let’s see what David Bilinski has to say.

From The Affidavit Of David Bilinski

13. One of the problems we encountered though was there was no good breeding records for ostriches. To starts a recording program, I initiated a DNA fingerprinting program for ostriches in Canada. I worked wit Dr. Kim Cheung, a director of the Avian Research Centre at the University of British Columbia, to develop this program.

14. Unfortunately, shortly after starting the program, the market for breeding ostrich collapsed, and the program was suspended.

19. The antibodies ostriches produce in response to an infection can last several years, and are found in extremely high concentrations in the yolks of their eggs. These antibodies can be used to develop neutralization anitbodies against, among other things, the H5N1 virus. I have attached as Exhibit “B” a true copy of the study published by Dr. Yasuhiro Tsukamoto, Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Graduate School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University.

34. When the COVID-19 pandemic hit in March 2020, it essentially shut down our business. Processing plants closed, breeder sales plummeted, and farms downsized.

35. We then became familiar with the work of Dr. Tsukamoto, who was studing the IgY Immune Globin Yolk) antibodies in ostrich eggs.

36. Based on Dr. Tsukamoto’s and others’ research, we learned that ostrich eggs are uniquely situated for developing antibodies because of the size of the yolk, and the concentration of the antibodies produced.

39. As a result, we began working with [Immune] Biosolutions Inc. (“Biosolutions”) in Quebec, which was working on protocols to produce antibodies for Covid-19, due to a $13,000,000 grant from the Government of Canada.

40. In or around 2021, Biosolutions provided antigens to the UOF, which then allowed us to produce antibodies using the ostrich eggs.

42. Then, in about 2022, UOF began a venture with Struthio BioScience Inc. (“Struthio”) and entered into a contract wherein UOF must provide Struthio with ostrich eggs, failing which UOF would be in breach of contract.

43. In summary, since 2020 UOF has been entirely dedicated to the production of antibody IgY.

44. To be clear, UOF is not a commercial poultry facility, and it does not produce any ostrich meat or eggs for human consumption.

It would be nice to know more about this DNA fingerprinting program, even if it was ultimately cancelled. Perhaps a later piece can cover that.

Bilinski tries to portray to the Court there being a “contract” between Universal Ostrich Farms and Struthio BioScience Inc. This is apparently to fulfill business obligations. However, Karen Espersen is both the owner (and president) of UOF, and a co-owner of Struthio. This connection is obvious when looking at her LinkedIn page, but isn’t clear in the Court documents.

Defenders of the farm have pointed to the fact that Immune Biosolutions is the one that got the contract from the ISED, not the farm. While true, it misses the point. Espersen and Bilinski are working with them, and using their antigens, giving it to the ostriches, and creating antibodies in return.

In turn, it then raises all kinds of questions as to what exactly these birds are infected with, and what the risks are to humans. This apparently isn’t explained in any Affidavit.

Despite howls about “protecting the food supply”, Bilinski’s Affidavit makes it clear that these animals aren’t intended for any sort of human consumption. This ostrich farm really is an open-air biolab.

The irony also seems lost on these litigants. They’re challenging the findings that some of the birds are infected with a virus, claiming that these tests are unreliable. Fair enough. But then, the birds are used to generate antibodies to fight another virus. In fact, they stand to make a fortune if they’re able to sell their work.

Oh well. Live by the shady “science”, die by the shady “science”.

Now, let’s find out a little more about their partner.

Taxpayer Money Funneled Through ISED For Grants

The Government of Canada, or more specifically, Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada, announced a few years ago various projects would be funded. Taxpayers would foot a $2.3 billion bill for 41 different grants, all across the country.

Immune Biosolutions, of Sherbrooke, Quebec, was just one company.

March 16, 2021: Up to $13.44 million to help through the Strategic Innovation Fund (SIF) to develop and advance its therapeutic candidate from pre-clinical studies up to Phase II clinical trials.

Perhaps it would be more accurate to describe groups it partners with as “subcontractors”.

Who Is Immune Biosolutions?

A partnership in antibody development
Our antibody discovery platform is available mainly to pharmaceutical and biotech companies seeking to develop custom novel antibodies against targets of interest with unmet needs. Whether the desired antibody is for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes, our avian platform opens up the accessibility to new antibody paratopes of great affinity against highly conserved mammal proteins or molecules.

Immune Biosolutions is a Quebec company that “partners” with other people or companies in their antibody development. This is the research and development end, while the others are the ones who receive and do the live testing.

Immunization:

  • Spatial Peptide design and synthesis for antigen presentation
  • Chicken Immunization by vaccination (Peptides, Spatial Peptides, Proteins, Nucleic Acids, Cells, other molecules)
  • Chicken Immunization by transcutaneous electroporation (Protein expression DNA plasmid)

Screening:

  • Phage-Display Antibody Candidate Screening:
  • Chicken Single B Cell Antibody Candidate Screening
  • Avian Antibody Sequence Determination
  • Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) Antibody Library Analysis

Engineering and Production:

  • Avian Antibody Optimization & Humanization
  • Bi-Specific and Multi-Specific Antibody Engineering
  • Antibody Production & Purification
  • Stable Cell Line Development

Validation (Antibody Validation):

  • Affinity Assays
  • Functional Assays
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Biolayer Interferometry
  • Surface Plasmon Resonance
  • Static Light Scattering/Dynamic Light Scattering

Immune Biosolutions Has Lobbying Registry Profile

Application Form for COVID-19 Advancement of Vaccines and Therapeutics (SIF Program) Immune Biosolutions and collaborators are developing an immunotherapy based on newly identified antibodies to treat and possibly prevent the SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19). This new accelerated discovery process, aiming at providing Canadians with a treatment for COVID-19 discovered and bio-manufactured in Canada, will be applied to future infections and other diseases, such as cancer.

It shouldn’t really surprise anyone that this company is set up to lobby members of the Federal Government for funding. Their name wasn’t picked randomly.

SOURCE OF FUNDING DATE AMOUNT
Canexport April, 2020 $22,754.38
Canexport April, 2021 $22,754.38
Canexport April, 2023 $22,754.38
Canexport April, 2024 $27,500.00
Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada April, 2023 $5,496,072.00
Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada April, 2024 $2,082,706.00
Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada April, 2024 $5,496,072.00
National Research Council April, 2020 $33,108.69
National Research Council April, 2021 $33,108.69
National Research Council April, 2023 $33,108.69
National Research Council April, 2023 $212,219.00
National Research Council April, 2024 $212,219.00
National Research Council April, 2024 $222,880.00
SIF – Strategic Innovation Fund April, 2024 $5,496,072.00

Note: while there appear to be duplicate entries, the notes from the Lobbying Registry suggest that a few agencies made multiple payments in the same fiscal year.

Immune Biosolutions Received Wage Subsidies

As an aside, Immune Biosolutions received CEWS (the Canada Emergency Wage Subsidy) in 2020/2021. In fairness though, it doesn’t specify the amounts.

Now, there has been a lot of noise about how it was Immune Biosolutions that got the Government grant, not Universal Ostrich Farms itself. This misses the point. While the tech company may have gotten it directly, what was UOF using to pay its bills in the meantime?

2 scenarios are possible. Either: (a) UOF got a cut of the money directly from IBio, or; (b) UOF would make money from selling the research, thus profiting from taxpayer subsidies. While the grant went to the firm, this seems to be a distinction without a difference.

People need to be asking the hard questions.

(1) https://ised-isde.canada.ca/site/biomanufacturing/en/biomanufacturing-projects-underway
(2) https://immunebiosolutions.com/en
(3) https://immunebiosolutions.com/en/partnerships/
(4) https://lobbycanada.gc.ca/app/secure/ocl/lrs/do/vwRg?cno=368226&regId=914362#regStart
(5) https://apps.cra-arc.gc.ca/ebci/habs/cews/srch/pub/bscSrch
(6) https://unlockalberta.substack.com/p/christine-massey-david-dickson-pat

FEDERAL COURT DOCUMENTS:
(1) Ostrich Notice Of Application Certified (January, 2025)
(2) Ostrich Notice Of Application (January, 2025)
(3) Ostrich Notice Of Motion (January, 2025)
(4) Ostrich Bilinski Affidavit (January, 2025)
(5) Ostrich Espersen Affidavit (January, 2025)
(6) Ostrich Pelech Affidavit (January, 2025)
(7) Ostrich Jones Affidavit (January, 2025)
(8) Ostrich Responding Motion Record (January, 2025)
(9) Ostrich Responding Motion Record Expedited (February, 2025)
(10) Ostrich Motion Record Ex-Parte (February, 2025)
(11) Ostrich Exemption Notice Of Application (February, 2025)
(12) Ostrich Exemption Motion Record (February, 2025)
(13) Ostrich Ruling Of Justice Zinn (May, 2025)

MONEY:
(1) https://bcrising.ca/save-our-ostriches/
(2) https://www.gofundme.com/f/help-ostrich-farmers-fight-to-save-herd-from-avian-flu?attribution_id=sl%3A80e09934-7413-429b-acfb-2f7015cc19d3&lang=en_CA
(3) https://www.givesendgo.com/save-our-ostriches
(4) https://www.kinexus.ca/

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Universal Ostrich Farms, Part 2: The Pelech Affidavit, $48,000 Per Egg

A segment of the public has been following the case of a British Columbia farm that was ordered cull approximately 400 of its ostriches. The order came from the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (or CFIA) and was challenged in the Federal Court. It was unsuccessful, but an Appeal is likely. The coverage that the “alternative” media has shared would lead people to believe this is simply an attack on the local food supply.

However, looking a little deeper into the case, it seems that these animals had other purposes. This included being used to generate “antibodies” for the so-called “SARS-CoV-2” virus. Or rather, their eggs would be. What else have these animals been treated with?

See Part 1 in the Universal Ostrich Farms series for more information.

This digging for the truth — while pleasing to some — has angered others. However, this site doesn’t “bend the knee”, just because people get annoyed.

Also, this isn’t Liberty Talk, so don’t expect some “feel good” speech or interview.

Now we get to the main Affidavit of Steven Pelech, the expert witness. He’s a professor at the University of British Columbia (UBC), and has an interesting research specialty. He also makes it abundantly clear he believes virology is a legitimate science.

Pelech Clarifies Ostriches Used For Biomedical Research

Pelech’s Affidavit makes it clear that there may be perceived problems with his objectivity. He states that has been involved in developing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. He’s been doing this kind of work for years. This is also the same purpose that the ostriches in question are being used for.

These birds weren’t destined to be food (hopefully), but were used for biological testing.

Pelech Believes PCR Testing Is Legitimate

Since 2020, many, MANY people have been speaking up about the legitimate concerns of PCR (or Polymerase Chain Reaction) testing. Pelech isn’t one of them. Instead, he speaks glowingly about this “technology”. His only real objection seems to be in how it’s applied. Specifically, the number of times it’s cycled through is apparently too high.

Pelech apparently doesn’t object to this? And why would he? His entire livelihood centers around the idea that these sort of tests are legitimate, and that samples can be treated with other things he creates.

It’s unclear how exactly he would help. It these ostriches were wrongfully diagnosed with H5N1 (or anything), Pelech isn’t making any convincing argument about it.

Further down in the Affidavit is a main point in Pelech’s “expert” evidence. He’s not sure what the cycle count of the PCR testing was, and that it’s unreliable at the higher ones. At no point does he state, or imply, that the test itself is faulty.

58. The main issue is whether the remaining ostriches represent a health hazard to each other, the staff and visitors to the UOF, and wild birds and animals that come to the farm. In view of the information that there has been no deaths from infectious disease on the farm for over two weeks, and all of the ostriches appear to be healthy, it is highly likely that the herd immunity has been achieved in the flock. It is extremely unlikely that they would be shedding virus to each other, their caretakers, and to other birds and animals. The longer that these birds remain healthy, the lower the risk of potential transmission of the virus.

Pelech again never challenges the “positive test” in any meaningful way. He shifts from speculating that PCR testing may have been done at too high a cycle, to speculating about herd immunity.

Pelech On Economic Benefits Of This: $48,000/Egg

We get to the heart of the matter: these ostriches are a gold mine. Pelech steps out of his role as a “scientific expert” to make an economic case for why these birds should be spared.

  • Antibodies derives from animals are worth a lot of money
  • A rabbit can produce 1.5 mg of antibody, at $6,000 each
  • An ostrich egg can produce 12 mg of antibody, at $48,000 each
  • An ostrich can lay eggs for decades

Does it make sense now? The people at Universal Ostrich Farms are sitting on a gold mine. Assume each bird lays one egg per year, just for the sake of argument, we get this:

400 birds * ($48,000/egg) = $19.2 million

This flock of birds has the potential to generate tens of millions of dollars, per year, for this farm. That’s why they’re so against the cull.

“Freedom Movement” Duped Into Financing Legal Challenge

The GoFundMe account has raised $51,000 so far. GiveSendGo is at nearly $39,000. This doesn’t include etransfer, cash, or cheques being mailed in. Altogether, there’s a lot of money coming in.

Well meaning donors are giving money they likely don’t have to a farm which performs the kind of testing they’d be ideologically opposed to. And the Court case is being brought to protect their multi-million dollar project.

Does anyone feel suckered yet?

Pelech was part of the Canadian Covid Care Alliance, or CCCA. He’s also been featured on Librti, What’s Up Canada?, and the NCI. Seriously, did no one vet him in any way?

Kinetek Pharmaceuticals: Pelech Founder, Former CEO

In his Affidavit, Pelech gives his employment record, and it’s quite interesting. He founded 2 companies in the 1990s

  1. Kinetek Pharmaceuticals, which he departed in 1997
  2. Kinexus Bioinformatics Corp, which he is still presently part of

It appears that Kinetek was discontinued as a corporation in 2004.

Kinexus Bioinformatics: Pelech Founder, Director, Scientific Officer

According to the information provided, Pelech is still involved with Kinexus. On their products page, they list the following:

Quality antibodies, peptides and other reagents at reasonable prices with fair representation and extensive validation.

In other words, there’s a financial interest in seeing this kind of work continue. Antibodies is specifically listed as a product that the company sells.

With all of this in mind, one could view Pelech’s Affidavit in an entirely different light. He has direct financial interests with the antibody industry. He also acknowledges that these ostrich eggs could be worth $48,000 each, assuming they’re of good quality. While he may be honest and forthright in his Affidavit, all of this is too much to ignore.

This isn’t about protecting the food supply.

That’s all emotional blackmail and misdirection.

FEDERAL COURT DOCUMENTS:
(1) Ostrich Notice Of Application Certified (January, 2025)
(2) Ostrich Notice Of Application (January, 2025)
(3) Ostrich Notice Of Motion (January, 2025)
(4) Ostrich Bilinski Affidavit (January, 2025)
(5) Ostrich Espersen Affidavit (January, 2025)
(6) Ostrich Pelech Affidavit (January, 2025)
(7) Ostrich Jones Affidavit (January, 2025)
(8) Ostrich Responding Motion Record (January, 2025)
(9) Ostrich Responding Motion Record Expedited (February, 2025)
(10) Ostrich Motion Record Ex-Parte (February, 2025)
(11) Ostrich Exemption Notice Of Application (February, 2025)
(12) Ostrich Exemption Motion Record (February, 2025)
(13) Ostrich Ruling Of Justice Zinn (May, 2025)

MONEY:
(1) https://bcrising.ca/save-our-ostriches/
(2) https://www.gofundme.com/f/help-ostrich-farmers-fight-to-save-herd-from-avian-flu?attribution_id=sl%3A80e09934-7413-429b-acfb-2f7015cc19d3&lang=en_CA
(3) https://www.givesendgo.com/save-our-ostriches
(4) https://www.kinexus.ca/

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Universal Ostrich Farms: Did Anyone Actually Read The Decision? Or Anything Else?

A few days ago, the Federal Court of Canada refused to block the killing of approximately 400 ostriches in British Columbia. Some had tested positive to H5N1, leading to the order. Justice Zinn said the the Canada Food Inspection Agency, or CFIA, was reasonable in the orders that it issued. This had members of the “Freedom Movement” up in arms about it.

However, the real story was far different from what people were being led to believe.

If developers working for Pfizer or Moderna had approached the “Freedom Movement” asking for money, they would have been shunned. And rightfully so. However, when an ostrich farm working on developing “covid masks” whines about its animals being culled, people rush to their defence.

There are certainly fundraising efforts underway. At the time of writing this, the GoFundMe page has raised nearly $51,000. And there’s another $34,000 from GiveSendGo. There are most likely other amounts that are not publicly disclosed.

It seems that there really is no cure for stupidity.

But in fairness, perhaps it’s wrong to be too harsh on supporters when they were never told the full truth to begin with.

Quotes From Justice Zinn’s Decision

[25] The Applicant has developed what it considers a uniquely large strain of ostriches through selective breeding since the 1990s. The ostriches are allegedly selected for body size and favourable genetic traits, with surplus birds not meeting these standards being discarded or culled. Some ostriches currently on the farm trace back to early imports from Africa and remain part of the breeding stock.

[26] From approximately 2020 onward, the Applicant shifted its primary commercial focus to extracting and studying antibodies, notably immunoglobulin Y, from ostrich eggs. For the Applicant, these antibodies have lucrative commercial and research values, especially in the development of diagnostics or therapeutics relevant to human viruses, such as the COVID-19 causing virus of SARS‑CoV‑2. To advance this antibody-based venture, the Applicant has collaborated with both domestic and international partners, including scientific researchers and private sector entities. Despite this strategic shift, some level of ostrich sales, along with sales or planned sales of products derived from ostrich fat and eggshells, continued through to at least December 2024.

[27] By early December 2024, the farm reportedly housed about 450 ostriches, including older breeding stock and newly introduced birds.

These quotes come directly from Justice Zinn’s own ruling. The Applications weren’t brought based on some compassionate grounds. Instead, it was to ward of the CFIA’s attempts to interfere with the company’s economic interests.

And again, it had to do with “fighting Covid”.

In her own Affidavit, Espersen admitted the real reason she was against having the animals culled. If there were to be, the business — related to Covid testing — would not be able to recover. This is far from what the public had been led to believe.

Karen Espersen’s LinkedIn: Virus Variants And A Nasal Spray

Karen Espersen’s LinkedIn page is open to the public, and it explains exactly what she has been up to. (See archive).

I have been in the Ostrich Industry for 30 plus years now and work with incubating, hatching, raising of chicks, breeder care and product manufacturing and distribution. Consistently producing top quality products (meat, oil, hides, eggs and feathers) We are presently producing Neutralizing COVID 19 Antibodies. These amazing antibodies also cover any variants that come along. We are working hard to find the right company to put these antibodies into a nasal spray. Very Very proud of our work

.

The ostriches on this farm were being used to:

  • produce “neutralizing” COVID antibodies
  • be used to further variants
  • eventually end up as a nasal spray

While the “save the ostriches” rallying cry centered around compassion, it seems that vast majority of the public was unaware of the full truth.

Very Little Information On Struthio BioScience Inc.

In addition to running Universal Ostrich Farms and ONU Body Care Inc. (which makes beauty products), Esperson co-owns a company called Struthio BioScience Inc.

There’s very little available on the company, but it was registered in Alberta from 2022 until 2024. That space is now occupied by a law firm. Struthio is currently registered in B.C.

In his own Affidavit, Bilinski talks about the contract with a Quebec company, Bio Solutions Inc. Now we see what’s really going on. These people are asking the public to subsidize a legal challenge that (if successful) allow them to complete the $13,000,000 agreement.

Activities Of Bilinski/Espersen Public Knowledge For Years

“Working with a lab back east, we inoculated our hens with the dead COVID-19 virus. The hen produces antibodies in two weeks and two weeks after that she puts them into her eggs,” says Espersen, adding that is one of the reasons they were so hesitant to abandon their 500 birds.

“This is a very natural process and last year we were able to block 99.9 per cent of the coronavirus if it was infused in a face mask.”

For various reasons, the face mask was never mass produced, but a different company began testing and they discovered the birds could be the key to neutralizing COVID-19 completely.

“We were so excited about being able to help the world we dedicated all of our laying hens on the farm to this program,” says Espersen, adding ostriches can produce an egg every two days for several months in a row.

“We inoculated all of our hens and this summer they have been producing antibodies that can neutralize the COVID-19 virus.”

Bilinski says the antibodies are extracted from the egg yolks, with a single ostrich egg being equivalent to 24 chicken eggs.

“This last week, we got word from the lab the antibodies are neutralizing the Delta (variant),” says Bilinski.

Espersen says they are now taking the next step and are working with a company out of Vancouver to create a nasal spray that could be administered to anyone with COVID.

Vancouver Is Awesome covered the farm back in the Summer of 2021, nearly 4 years ago. Bilinski and Espersen were open about the Covid testing that was going on. This included the production of a mask that would “glow” when exposed to Covid. There were also ambitions about the eventual creation of a nasal spray.

“Covid Mask” From Ostrich Extracts A Real Concept

This ostrich farm isn’t the only organization who has thought about creating a virus detection system made from the birds’ antibodies. The idea has been around for several years now. The World Economic Forum had a similar vision as well.

Liberty Talk Does No Research Whatsoever On Story

Liberty Talk hosted an interview about the ostriches, but apparently never did any fact checking ahead of time. It’s a bit embarrassing to “cover” a story, but not have a clue about what’s really going on. Then again, she shilled hard for Action4Canada.

As an aside, Connie Shields appears to be livid with some of the questions that skeptics are asking. This article comes across as downright unhinged.

There are all kinds of questions that still need answering:

  • What else have these birds been infected/poisoned with?
  • What other testing is on the agenda?
  • Who else has been involved in running this project?
  • What is the ultimate goal(s) of these experiments?
  • Are there any other subsidies taxpayers have had to fund?

***Note: a thank you to David Dickson, for giving a nudge in the right direction. It’s nice that there are people who will ask those tough questions.

(1) Ostrich Notice Of Application
(2) Ostrich Notice Of Motion
(3) Ostrich Bilinski Affidavit
(4) Ostrich Espersen Affidavit
(5) Ostrich Pelech Affidavit
(6) Ostrich Jones Affidavit
(7) Ostrich Ruling Of Justice Zinn
(8) https://www.canlii.org/en/ca/fct/doc/2025/2025fc878/2025fc878.html
(9) https://www.canlii.org/en/ca/fct/doc/2025/2025fc878/2025fc878.html#par26
(10) https://bcrising.ca/save-our-ostriches/
(11) https://www.gofundme.com/f/help-ostrich-farmers-fight-to-save-herd-from-avian-flu?attribution_id=sl%3A80e09934-7413-429b-acfb-2f7015cc19d3&lang=en_CA
(12) https://www.givesendgo.com/save-our-ostriches
(13) https://www.linkedin.com/in/dave-bilinski-1ba2b826/
(14) Dave Bilinski LinkedIn Page
(15) https://www.linkedin.com/in/karen-espersen-a82b563a/
(16) Karen Espersen LinkedIn Page
(17) https://albertacorporations.com/struthio-bioscience-inc
(18) https://gowlingwlg.com/en/global-reach/canada/calgary
(19) https://www.bclaws.gov.bc.ca/civix/document/id/corpreg/corpreg/crpn0505fin1322
(20) https://www.vancouverisawesome.com/highlights/bc-ostrich-farm-developing-antibodies-that-could-put-an-end-to-coronavirus-4216550
(21) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JzTTWIe5Ntc
(22) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9T6QkqDY1YE
(23) Odessa’s Facebook Post On Story
(24) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4sIXdqZj4TI
(25) https://unlockalberta.substack.com/p/christine-massey-david-dickson-pat
(26) https://x.com/dksdata/status/1924565628054339929

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